The primary focus will be on the comprehensiveness of understanding Essay

The primary focus will be on the bigness of understanding the many comp angiotensin-converting enzyments that atomic number 18 necessary to consider when desi - Essay ExampleThe content of what children are taught in preschool and the method of teaching, or the curriculum is what measures the effectiveness and quality of acquisition in preschools. Programs focusing on component bump 3- and 4- social class-olds should decide the content of what children learn, as well as the best way to learn, if they are to improve childrens school success by enhancing their early skills and knowledge. The aim of this paper is to offer a framework that those make decisions groundwork make use of when evaluating curriculums that would be suitable for a preschool program. Definition and scope of a preschool Childrens Health Encyclopedia defines a preschool as an early childhood program in which children combine learning with play in a program run by professionally trained adults. Common scroll years are children aged between ages three and five. Kids as young as two can attend preschools. While a daycare is to enable parents to work, preschool furiousness is on learning and development. Before the 1960s, fosterage of young children was primarily the role of families within the home. Nowadays, most young children spend a big part of their time away(predicate) from their parents. This may partly be attributed to an increase in the number of mothers working away from home. Parents also feel the desire to give their children a head start academically. The qualities of a good preschool, correspond to the National Institute for Early statement Research are Helping children to expand their knowledge and gain on their vocabulary Focus on literacy and language skills, plus and interactive book reading An emphasis on teaching children basic problem solving skills Learning beginning skills involving the alphabet, numerals and spatial awareness Preschools with the in a higher place qualities are only possible when the curriculum designed is good enough. That means the curriculum designer or decision-maker has in mind, the child, the parents and the teacher. For instance, when involving parents, the curricula can help make program-family partnerships or set up continuous meaningful intercourse with families. Curricular decisions should consider childrens ages, learning needs, cultural and linguistic backgrounds and economic status. Prior experience and homework for the teacher is also important. Components of a Preschool Curriculum Given the many types of curriculum models available, there is an uncertainty regarding which models are appropriate for young children overall or more understandable to the population of the three and four year olds. Though the fields of early childhood advocates for programs that utilize what are known as Developmentally attach Practices (Bredekampe & Kopple, 1997), it has not much research to endorse any single curriculum m odel as the best. Additionally, not a single state government or federal body directs use of just one particular curriculum in the publicly funded preschool programs. When the term curriculum is left undefined it may be very difficult to know what should be learned. It is also hard to sketch the set of goals which are the aims of nurture for children (as cited in Spodek & Saracho, 2003) in their programs, and what supports the childrens physical, social, emotional, and cognitive growth (as cited in Bowman et al., 2001). The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and the National Associ

International Relations Theory Human Rights Formal Term Paper

International traffic Theory Human Rights Formal - Term Paper ExampleThese instruments set universal standards against which national governments and individuals homogeneous can measure their own compliance and compare it to that of others. Even when there is disagreement over the distinct meaning, nature or scope of a particular gay right, the fact that such dialogue exists at all demonstrates the widespread recognition of, and concern for, fundamental universal humans rights. According to Conlon in 2004, human rights were among the more(prenominal) powerful ideas to emerge from the U.N. Charter along with peace, national self-determination, and development. After the drafting and adoption of the usual Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, to which all the countries of the world subscribe, at least rhetorically, the modern planetary human rights system developed slowly within the constraints of the parky War. While there remains much to keep on about the Universal Declarati on and collateral human rights treaties, there have also been substantial complications in managing the political organization of such international obligations. Within the U.N., until the 1980s, the issue of human rights was essentially an ideological football, kicked cover charge and forth in a match between West and East (Schwarz, 2004). Western players prioritized political and complaisant rights and their Eastern counterparts (usually backed up by southern reserves) economic and social rights. The divide was part of Cold War competition, which left little room for the possibility of joint promotion.Nevertheless, a wide range of international norms has been enshrined in legally binding international human rights instruments, and in a growing web of ordinary international law. Protections were established by treaty for those subjected to torture, for victims of racial discrimination, for children, and for women (Conlon, 2004). As neither the United States nor the Soviet man a nd wife deferred fully to this system during the Cold War, the protection of human rights remained more nominal than actual. The sovereign prerogatives of the superpowers trumped rights enforcement, with the U.N. system evaluate non-compliance on many occasions. At present, the most promising avenues for the immediate actualization of global justice adopt sensitive adjustments to variations of state and society makeup, as in the numerous peace, reconciliation, and accountability procedures established in a number of countries (Gandhi, 2000). Also encouraging are various collaborations between transnational social forces and those governments that are more value-oriented and sensitive to the claims of global justice, as opposed to those that define their role according to the maximization of power, wealth, and influence.

Urban Polution In the 14th century Research Paper

Urban Polution In the 14th century - Research Paper ExampleThis research result begin with the statement that the emerging concerns about pollution in America and Britain are not a new issue. By the 14th century, many European city dwellers had started showing their displeasure at the rising level of pollution in their towns. In the 1970s for example, many urban dwellers raised their voices in witness about the rising level of air pollution in their cities. At this time, it was comprehend that the main causality of the pollution was the motor vehicle. Fumes from the motor vehicles chocked people as they passed through traffic. This essay discusses that one affair that the American urban dwellers living in the 1970s forgot is that the autos main predecessor, the gymnastic horse, was earlier perceived to be a worse option in respect of urban pollution. Many scholars decried the pollution that was in urban centers and in fact demanded that horses be banished from American cities. O ne authority noted that the horse was a taxing economic burden to humans and an affront to hygiene. At this time, it was widely agreed that the horseless carriage be adopted as a solution to the pollution problem. The researcher states that in the 14th century, in Europe, the horse had been identified as a major cause of pollution. Based on Statistics, it was established by hearty experts that a horse produces between 15 and 30 pounds of dung every day.

The Strategies Applied In the Operations, Information and Marketing Research Paper

The Strategies Applied In the Operations, Information and Marketing direction at Toyota Motor Corporations - Research Paper ExampleThe paper tells that Toyota motors argon one of the most flourishing companies dealing with the making and assembling of motor vehicles. Its success can highly be attributed to the mechanisms that the owners put in place from time to time with an aim of not only beating competition but withal remaining atop. Operations management at Toyota is done in a way that leaves the competitors with little to counter. In a company, this department is tasked with the oversight of the processes applied in the production and distribution of goods or services. Usually, there are various approaches one could apply including scarper, six sigma and kaizen. According to Ewan and Ron, the approach applied at Toyota is normally hunt whereby the focus is on the customer. For instance, in 2008 it was reported that Toyota had initiated a process of making cars that did not emit oft carbon. This was as a result of studying that the society was not focused on having low carbon-environment, especially in Europe. Additionally, the research showed that there was an increased contend for cars in the Asian countries more so in Russia. Consequently, Ruffa reported that Toyota started processes, which fit every need for the markets. Therefore, from these studies, it is clear that Toyotas approach in operations is lean and is solely focused on the clients needs. As a result of using this technique, it is not surprising to happen upon many customers from all over the world preferring Toyota-made vehicles. In fact, Knoespel stated that this approach by Toyota has been the main tell to its success and the ever-increasing dominance in the market. In terms of the assisting the enterprise strategy, lean management has seen the companys major goals be achieved within the specified period. By first understanding the clients need, it so becomes pretty easy to estab lish the markets and supply. As state earlier, the company noticed that the countries of China and Russia had an increased demand and immediately embarked on a mission to meet it.

Transport Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Transport - Essay ExampleOverall, the air travel industry provides an opportunity, which is facilitated by to a greater extent than tourism. It also incorporates economic development, global trade and international investings, thus being one of the best investment opportunities (Brennan, 2009, p. 212). As a small-scale entrepreneur, the number of tourists entering France provides any investor with the opportunity of establishing a low bell international or local flight service. In Europe, the connection between the UK and France presents a lucrative game for business. The route that I choose as an investor is between the Heathrow, London and Charles De Gaulle, Paris airports. superstar of the strongest reasons why this prize makes economic sense to me is that the 2 station represent the hubs of business in the regions (Doganis, 2001, p. 90). The two airports are placed within two of the busiest cities in Europe. These cities have an intricate transportation network in which th e passengers can arrive at to the airports in a number of transportation natural selections. One of the most preferred choices of transport happen to be the train, closely followed by the cab. Transport between the centers and the airport has some(a) merits as well as demerits. One of the challenges that the surface transport modes face is the case of jams. In both the UK and Paris, traffic congestion is a reciprocal occurrence, curiously during the rush hours (Fleisher. and Bensoussan, 2007, p. 62). The jams are common in the data trackway stations as well as the motor ways. These characteristic is one that dismays the contrivance of this mode of transport. This is however, it is an occurrence prominent in certain hours, hardly the intricate network is quite useful when there is little traffic on the road and rail networks. The car, either in a private or cab company capacity provides another choice of transport in the centers to the airports routes. As the preferred choice of transport, the car is one of the best choices in transportation, when convenience is involved, but this is dependent on the profile of the passenger. Where luggage is involved, the car might be the best usable choice, since it provides a better means of transport from the house to the terminal as opposed to public transportation. The train, though high speed faces an inconvenience in that it is public transport and is located at strategic points for a community (Frechtling, 2001, p. 31), in which the travellers have to walk or take a car to the service stations as well as from the terminals to the airports. With the train and buses being restricted to certain routes, the inconvenience lays mostly in the distance between the public terminals and the airport terminals, for they are not the same though close, in some instances. Another challenge with the public surface transport is the challenge introduced by the complexity of the transport network, especially for a nonlocal (Dunc an, 2012, p. 134). Some of the competitors in the route chosen include the Eurostar. The train is one of the modes of transport between the two centers i.e. Paris and London. There are several favorable elements associated with the train such as speed, lower costs and the interactive nature of the travel. The car is another competitor to the mode of transport between the two terminals, since the intricate transport network provides a motorway that links the

Magnetic resonance imaging Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Magnetic resonance imaging - Assignment delectation2001). MRI is used to measure tissue perfusion through the use of different techniques such as arterial sin labelling (ASL) and dynamic susceptibility contrasting imaging (DSC-MRI). DSC is based on injected contrast agent use that changes the bloods magnetic susceptibility, thus, producing a MR signboard continually measured throughout the bolus passage (Petrella & Provenzale 2000). ASL, on the other hand, is whereby before the arterial blood enters into the tissue to be assessed, it is magnetically tagged, and consequently, the labelling amount is measured and opposed to a blank recording achieved without spin labelling. Currently, MRI is a powerful tool in a clinical setting for evaluation of brain anatomy, which is achieved via a number of metabolic or functional assessments. MRI perfusion is a technique used to measure cerebral perfusion non-invasively via several hemodynamic measurements assessments including cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood, volume, and meant go across time. This technique plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment cerebrovascular disease patients, as well as patients with other brain disorders (Petrella & Provenzale 2000). ... Exogenous Tracers Exogenous is a model of MR perfusion, which assumes that the tracer does not diffuse into the satellite cellular space because it is constrained in the intravascular compartment. In this model imaging can either be performed dynamically or in a steady state. Dynamic imaging utilizes transient fluctuations in topical anaesthetic magnetic field of the tissues in the surrounding that are induced by paramagnetic tracer bolus passport through the capillary network of the organ. The local magnetic field changes can be measured as signal fluctuations on MR imaging. Accurate measurements are enabled by Ultrafast imaging methods such as spiral MR and echoplanar imaging, which measures differing signal changes that occur rapidly (Ost ergaard, et al. 1996). Data from the signal-time course is then changed to relative tracer tissue data from the concentration-time course. This results in tracer concentration-time curve that can be evaluated to establish different parameters of hemodynamic tissues such as blood flow, transit time, tissue blood volume and bolus arrival time. The hemodynamic parameters mentioned above are influenced by features of the bolus injection such as the injection rate, contrast agent paramagnetic properties, the amount of injected contrast material among others. Furthermore, these parameters rely on variables wrong the subject under imaging, which are cardiac output and vascular volume of total-body (Buxton, et al. 1996). Therefore, it is not possible to compare the parameters between varied subjects, and at different times they may even cause variation on examination of the same subject. Nevertheless, there is an internal standard of reference,

Cango Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cango - raise ExampleWith respect to the firm CanGo, it should be noted that the firm is aware of what industries it try outs to expand in in addition to what industries they want to continue to remain a viable competitor. Therefore, if the firm is able to increase its sales numbers, the researchers within CanGo allow find it necessary to conduct in depth analyses as a path of determining the best approach that should be made. With this accomplished, the research division, as well as the remainder of the firm, will have a means of understanding which markets are the most appealing, which require too high a level of investment, and which should be immediately engaged with. In this manner, Evolve Professional Business Consulting, has set off a baseline criteria through which CanGo should effectively research the options that are presented to them and make informed decisions based upon them. mavin of the most important steps that should be taken before the research itself is condu cted is the question of who CanGo wishes to appeal to/ divvy up to. Although this is something of a simplistic step, it is absolutely integral if the firm wishes to approach the research from an informed and effective standpoint. far too many firms overlook this aspect of preliminary inquiry and set off to perform gain research with incorrect assumptions that ultimately serve in misguiding the information that they are able to retrieve. Additionally, CanGo also should assume performing research for current and future sales as a means of determining what movements in consumer markets are likely to impact the firm within the coming months and years.Market size is another important aspect of business strategy and review of performance and projected business engagement that is essential in performing effective planning. As such, by identifying the target market, CanGo will be effectively able to seek to meet consumer needs within the current time frame as well as in the near

The Human Eye Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The forgiving Eye - Essay ExampleThe genes that govern many aspects of light detection, eye development, and neural development ar the ones directing these processes in jawed vertebrates. These discoverstanding similarities to the eye of jawed vertebrates are far too many to have emerged separately. there are no living representatives of ancestry that split off from our line in the past 50 million years. Eyes of the hagfish differ intensely from the vertebrate standard even though they are vertebrates. This is because the eye of the hagfish lacks a cornea, iris, lens and all of the normal supporting muscles. Its retina consists of just two layers of the stall instead of three. Each eye is buried deep beneath a translucent patch of skin. The eye can undergo enormous degeneration and can be even lost altogether in as little as 10,000 years. The hagfish eye is not involved in vision simply instead offers input to the part of the animals brain that controls crucial circadian rhyt hms, as hygienic as seasonal events like breeding and feeding based in part on this line of latitude to the pineal gland. Mammalian eye also shows telltale clues to its evolutionary origin during embryological development. The circuit of the mammalian retina starts out in contrast to that of the hagfish, with the photoreceptors linking directly to the output neurons. Photoreceptor cells across the animal kingdom fall into two divergent classes- ciliary and rhabdomeric. Ciliary photoreceptors are accountable for sensing light for nonvisual functions in the vast majority of organisms.

Link between Al Ain Distribution Company strategy and CSR Essay

pertain between Al Ain Distribution Company strategy and CSR - Essay ExampleAADCs cathexis is to service current demand of wet and electricity. AADCs province is to reliably, securely and safely distribute water and electricity from Transcos termination points to residential, commercial, agricultural and government consumers in the Al Ain Region. (AADC). The tender responsibility of AADC has been incorporated in this mission that specifies reliability in the course of its operation.Corporate responsibility is about how the keep company aligns its values and behavior with the expectations and needs of stakeholders, customers, employees, suppliers, communities, regulators, special enliven groups and society. (CSR Network)Issues that are covered by the CSR are governance, environmental management, stakeholder engagement, labor standards, employee and community relations, social equity, responsible sourcing and human rights.AADC is expected to be a reliable supplier of clean and potable water to the district as well as a steady supplier of electricity in an effective cost manner. ADC sees shortage of water supply in the future that has to be resolved and at the same time considers the operating costs related to this. It has the social responsibility of make up billing information to customers. It has to devise a system that will address lack of metering process manual of arms calculations and IT system bring incorrect billing to customers. It has the social responsibility to manage the company profitably for the interest of stakeholders. AADC has the responsibility to develop and train its human resources, provide adequate pay, to motivate them for satisfactory performance and employee retention.AADC has the social equity responsibility to remove discrimination on work policy and ethics particularly on hiring of women in order to fill the lack of manpower. AADCs social responsibility and commitments to Health, Safety and Environment. (AADE) AADC aims to m inimize HSE risks

Review of Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Review of Final interrogation - Essay ExampleThe south and the north portray a difference in the triumphing denomination. The south is stalwartly passing game traditional, and even reactionary based on the economically advanced nations. The Roman Catholic draws characteristics of being traditionalists and fideistic and or radical protestant evangelical or Pentecostal sects. The difference in the Anglican understanding of the volume bring up the question if this is a splintering or simply a realignment, but whichever the case, we ar now two different churches.Cultural imperialism, clearly highlighted in the laws of globalization and correctly defined as homogenization standards of tests, behavior, cultures among others. The hollywood, for instance, is inseparable from American imperialism. Therefore, the term Cultural imperialism can be viewed in two dimensions. peerless that perceives it as imperialism within the culture domain and the other one tend to see it in term of the cu ltural aspect of imperialism. These two are complementary in understanding cultural imperialism.Scott particularly raises a strong argument against cultural imperialism stating that it may reflect recent past therefore failing to overhear the big picture and at the same time, the audience actively construct and filter meaning in a way that makes sense only to them. There is similarly a very present likeliness of emergence of a polycentric world of film production. The Hollywood, for instance, has multinational ownership, global auteurs and transnational circuits of cultural influence.Asia (Pusan, South Korea), europium (Venice, Cannes, Belin) and North America (Toronto, Canada) are known to be among the places that have major film festivals. These festivals serve the calculate of alternating the circuit of distribution while simultaneously promote transnational economy of cultural prestige. They also aid in showcasing national cinemas, facilitate

Facilities and Maintenance Systems for Hospitality Research Paper

Facilities and c atomic number 18 Systems for Hospitality - Research Paper ExampleIt is evidently clear from the discussion that the alimentation staff must be equipped with data and integrated voice, mobile devices in order for them to be always in spite of appearance reach and easily available. It also enables the hotel managers to have visibility into and monitor the progress of duties and work orders. Push-to-talk lot be used when instant attention is needed or text messaging. Mobile com siters are also utile during processing of work orders and generating automatic audit trails. However, most hotel owners and managers have some weaknesses when it comes hotel designing. They dont put into consideration the importance of attractive hotel design. Failure to ensure attractive hotel design results in small client population thus less revenue. There is also need to carry out some sustenance test to ensure quality services. The success of all leading resorts and hotels depends o n the quality of services that are offered to the customers. By storing all the buildings, rooms, equipment, and floors in a worry solution asset, it is possible to track the management and tending of everything. The report of the cost will provide the managers with the costs of maintenance at any organizational level. The hotel managers put up also set up preventive maintenance approaches for generators and HVAC units to avert failures. Eventually, the management maintenance system can be used to reduce costs, track maintenance, and ensure a quality service to the customers. In addition, using maintenance system can help a hotel or resort management to track management cost, extend the life of assets, provide high-quality services to customers, maintain efficiently and a clean environment. Additionally, facility maintenance system helps in improving labor productivity, reducing costly downtimes, minimizing investment and maintenance costs. Just analogous a person meets another person for the first day, it takes customers and travelers approximately 60 seconds to learn and gain the regard of a resort or hotel. Travelers and customers start by examining the parking area, dcor, signage, the carpet, or the smell of the environment.

East Village NYC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

due east small town NYC - Essay ExampleMarks, and the impact that the miscellaneous cultures and movements have had on them, making them the East closure and St. Marks that we now know. Geographically placed in-between Houston Street on the southern border, 14th Street on the northern border, the East River on the east border, and the Bowery and Third Avenue to the west, the initial consideration is that East colony lies within the Lower East Side, and to some of the native residents, it still is. Regardless of what it is called, East Village has come to be synonymous with clunk bars, artists, sidewalk cafes, indie boutiques, and a disreputable hipster artistic that has resisted the homogenization affecting the other parts of Manhattan, only if that is also now changing. East Village has long been an urban frontier, acting as a starting time point for numerous new immigrants coming to America. For Puerto Rican, Irish, Ukrainian, Jewish, and German immigrants, just to name a few, East Village was more than just a location as it was a toehold that gave them a chance at a fresh start in their lives. Other than immigrants, East Village was a magnet for radicals, artists, reformers, and bohemians. East Village was home to the cultural activity that transformed the global community, but the other side of the coin holds a regular occurrence of neglect and poverty. In a time preceding the establishment of New capital of The Netherlands in the 1600s by Dutch traders, the portion of Manhattan that has changed over time to become the East Village cognise today was a vast stretch of swampy marshland. Native American game trails and paths crisscrossed with this expanse, and a larger portion of these segments was made into permanent thoroughfares. The largest of them all became what is commonly known as the Bowery. A coarse segment of what came to be the East Village was in the beginning part of the expansive farm belong to the last governor of New Amsterdam, Pet er Stuyvesant. John Jacob Astor, who was an Americanized fur baron who switched professions to become a touchable estate mogul, was the initiator of the transformations that changed the area to a status address, an upgrade from the pastoral countryside it was. This transformation was initiated by his grand style set up close to what is now known as Astor countersink. By the East Village Visitor Centers account, Astor place was the most sought after real estate by the close of the 1830s. Some of the most affluent industrialists, politicians, and merchants of that era including Gardiner, Vanderbilt, and Delano were buying property in this area from Astor. Astor Place soon joined the best of Americas fashionable addresses. Stuyvesant built the Reformed Dutch chapel service that later grew into St. Mark. This church was concentrated around the elders, who acted as the electors of their spiritual leader owing to their status as high-ranking congregation members. It is widely thought t hat during the initial era of St. Marks, the church made no secret about being people centered. Pew rent was collected at the church, and it selectively attend to the spiritual requirements of the incipient nobility centered on property, money, and trade. Early congregants still wallowing in magnitude of American insurgency considered themselves to be constitutionalists, however, their impartiality was founded predominantly on the protection of both their rights to economic expansion and property. everyplace time, Iron foundries gave way to blacksmith workshops, service posts gave way to livery posts, and Apartment buildings came

An application of McLuhan's theories to television Essay

An application of McLuhans theories to television - Essay ExampleIn Understanding Media McLuhan declared that the media are extensions of our signifieds or faculties. He looks into how each of the media are capable of rearranging our social lives heretofore to the extent of depersonalization and absolute alienation. The Mechanical Bride asserted that the real significance of the media lay in their powerfulness to modify human relationships and perception. Although Understanding Media was published as early as in 1964, McLuhan had predicted along with his storied theory of media as extensions that one(a) day there could be the collectivization and corporatisation of all information. It has been rightly pointed come forward that the Internet is nonhing but an extension of ones powers of cognition. We open the home page of a person the moment we choose to hypothecate of him. Then we proceed to click on links if need be. The retrieval of information in reasoned time from the vas t store house of the human brain is the pioneer googleOf the many theories that McLuhan has propounded, that of hot and chill out media has gathered a lot of attention, especially in the light of the advent of computers which defy McLuhans classification in the sense that it can be both hot and cold or neither hot nor cold. onwards one discusses the complexities involved in the issue, a brief look at what McLuhan actually said in Understanding Media (1964) would be handyA hot m... Telephone is a cool fair, or one of low definition, because the ear is given a meager amount of information. And speech is a cool medium of low definition, because so little is given and so much has to be filled by the listener. On the other hand, hot media do non leave so much to be filled in or completed by the audience. Hot media are, therefore, low in participation, and cool media are high in participation or completion by the audience (23).Communication is an ever growing phenomenon and is commens urate with the ways by which societies evolve. Although one can say that the moon and the tide communicate it has more to do with cancel phenomenon than communication the ant that discovers a drop of honey locks antennae with another that comes its way, but this apparent act of empathetic communication is, according to Edward O. Wilson, based purely on genetic programming1 and not on will (the ant cannot choose not to communicate) only man can choose not to communicate, to communicate and yet not communicate, to lie, to imagine. The spectrum of possibility is too numerous to enumerate. So, as long as it is a human being who is the receiving system of the Senders (mass medium) message, what if the former treats the hot as cool and vice versa. What if the silence from the other end of the telephone is construed as an acceptance of ones invitation to romance What if the very heat of the medium in describing everything makes the viewer turn off his sense/sensibility saying the medium is not cool enough McLuhans theory sounds original but not comprehensive. It seems to lack an attention to corollaries.McLuhans other observations that complement the basic premise of hot and cool media are more illuminating. He says that a

An Analysis of Space and Place in Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

An Analysis of Space and name in flick - Essay ExampleThe essay An Analysis of Space and Place in Cinema presents an overview of film space and dapple definitions considering their role in the aesthetic perfection of a film.Space and place in cinema is a topic worth on the go discussion. necessitate space is not a topic that can be glanced at untailored. Space in cinema is determined by the director, who is the first viewer when the angles which are not relevant for creating the space are screened out by him. Film space is a term that can be interpreted in various perspectives. In a film, space is used in a set design that is both literal and metaphorical. As an appendix to this particular point, it can be stated that when conceptions of space are re-orientated it is not simply within a particular scene, but its significance is extended through the entire film. More specifically, an object on the circumvent shown in the first scene may not be brought into the film again in evo ke of this, its significance stays behind. Actors body in space is the next level of significance. This mood can be expanded, the actors dimensions and negotiations of space and filmmakers skill to represent a movement through space. The concept space can be comprehended only by move through spaces. In such an outlook the acting body is recognized as the site of conveyance between the viewer and the actual site of the film. Apart from this, the manipulation and creation of the space are by the camera eye. And in cinema, dissimilar pieces are put into place.

KKK (Ku Klux Klan) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

KKK (Ku Klux Klan) - Essay mannikinIt was said that the Klans first leader is the famous general N.B. Forrest, the Calvary Confederate leader. He is called the Grand Wizard or the Imperial Wizard. This is the rubric given to the Klans highest leader and was assisted by lower ranking officials of the group. The whole southern country was mapped, organized, and subdivided into some(prenominal) sectors down to the lowest ranks and individual members. 1Later in 1869, the group became perpetrators of lawless violence and hardihood throughout the continent. Ku Klux Klan members were seen mostly at night, covered in tweed. They hold silent parades and covered their horses with the same white robes. People regarded the Klan as Confederate soldiers returning from the dead. The Ku Klux Klan spread terror all over the entire land. Their important targets are the blacks, the carpetbaggers, and the scalawags. They effectively kept black men from voting and from joining the electoral process , so as to control the polls, its results and politics in particular. They promote terror through whipping and lynching. And because the Klan became so powerful and uncontrollable, its leaders, headed by General Forrest, ordered and sought to disband the group. He resigned from his position as the Grand Wizard. But then, a lot of its off-shoots still functioned, and it continued on for the next few years.2The Birth of the Second Ku Klux KlanIt was 1915 when the Klan was revived, thus loose birth to the second Ku Klux Klan faction. This group was formed by William J. Simmons, who is a former minister and a prevalent fraternal order promoter. In October of the same year, he had prepared to reveal the campaign to form the group, unitedly with friends of the same mindset. The second Klan is still focused on restoring the supremacy of the white race. It is promoting fundamentalism as a theology and had a hand in controlling politics during those time, although it professed that it is not a political group. Some of the Klans remark members were elected as government officials, mostly congressmen and mayors. The Klan still continued on performing extreme measures to promise its assumed enemies, and most of these cases were unauthorized by their central leaders. 3 The most noted and remembered extreme occupation undertaken by the second Ku Klux Klan is the murder of three civil rights workers in the summer of 1964, in Mississippi. It was the most painful crime they committed in the entire regime of the second Klan - it was an execution, not merely an assassination. But in 1930, Ku Klux Klan experience a decline in its members, especially when state laws prohibited the use of masks and the propagation of unfathomable societies. This decline of interest on its members is mainly due to the massive corruption, the wrong doings, and the amassing of wealth for personal gains by its leaders through the influence group.4The Klan as Hate Group The major example of hat e groups works with leaders of several or subsequent affiliations and at the same time working under a common name but covering a lot of distinct factions is none other than the Ku Klux Klan. The Klan was a hate group which did one too many illegal acts of intimidation and violence. The Klan was known to be liable for the arson of the Black South Caroline Group of Churches, which is a predominantly black institution. The Klan

Economics of Renewable Resources Essay Example for Free

Economics of Renewable Resources shewAnswer any THREE questions. Do not attempt to answer much than trine questions. The three questions that you answer will be given equal weight.1.(a)Consider now a newly deep-seated stand of trees. What decision rule should be employed for determining the optimum investment in the trees the optimum whirling given that the stand of trees is be managed on a bingle Rotation basis? excuse.(b) straightway suppose that the stand was, instead, to be managed on a Multiple Rotation basis, rather than a mavin Rotation basis. What impact would managing the stand on a Multiple Rotation, as foreign to a Single Rotation, basis have upon the optimal rotation period? Would it be correct to say that the opportunity to intention the forest land over and over again for growing trees, under Multiple Rotation, would chasten to the rotation period being longer than it would be under a Single Rotation basis? Explain fully.(c)It has been argued that fore st policies in most(prenominal) Canadian provinces have as their long term goal fully regulated normal forests. Explain, with the aid of a simple example, what is meant by the term normal forest, as opposed to a single stand of trees. What relevance, if any, does the idea of a normal forest have to the concept of supreme Sustained Yield as applied to forestry? Explain.2.The economics of renewable natural resources has, in all of its sub-branches, a common theoretical core. The core consists of the closely linked conjecture of capital and the theory of investment.You have analyse the economics of seekery management and foresty management. In what sense, if any, can tipery resources and forestry resources he regarded a capital assets from the station of view of society? With the aid of examples, discuss the opportunities, which society has to invest both positively and negatively, in much(prenominal) resources. What basic rules do the theories of capital and investment suggest that society should follow in making such investment decisions? In light of these rules, define what would an economist understand by the term overexploitation of a specific renewable resource. Under what circumstances would you expect overexploitation given set of renewable resources to be of a chronic problem? Explain.3. (a)The static economic model of the look forery studied by you, the Gordon-Schaefer model, predicts that optimal economic management of a fishery resource would always lead to the fishery resource being stabilized above the MSY level. The dynamic, capital theoretic, economic model, also studied by you, gives us no such assurance. On the contrary, the dynamic economic model predicts that optimal economic management of the fishery could easily lead to the fishery resource being stabilized below the MSY level. How can such an apparent contradiction be explained? hold forth.1(b)The static Gordon-Schaefer economic model of the fishery also predicts that,under Pure Open Access, man at that place will be overexploitation of the fishery resource there will be no danger of the fishery resource being determined to extinction. Yet there are several examples from the touchable world of fishery resources being driven to at least near extinction. Recall the examples of Norwegian stand out Spawing Herring and the Bering Sea Donought Hole pollock resource. How can you explain the difference between the Gordon-Schaefer model prophecy and what we observe in the real world? Discuss fully.4.Under the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, coastal states, such as Canada, have been given the right to establish 370km Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs). Due to the mobility of most capture fishery resources, most coastal states establishing EEZs find that some of the fishery resources in their EEZs cross the EEZ marge into neighbouring EEZs, or into the adjacent high seas. The coastal states are thus faced with a shared fish stock management problem.Cons ider now two coastal states, A and B, that share a transboundary fish stock, which does not extend into the adjacent high seas. On what grounds can it be argued that, if A and B refuse to cooperate in managing the transboundary fish stock, both A and B will be driven to adopt fishery exploitation strategies that they will know to be harmful? Suppose that A and B agree to cooperate in the management of the transboundary fish stock. A and B are identical in every respect, except that A has a lower social rate of discount than does B. Could this difference in social rates of discount lead to A and B differing in terms of their management goals for the transboundary fish stock? If so, how? If A and B do have difference resource management goals, does the economic theory of shared fish stock management studied by you suggest that it will be out of the question for A and B to establish a successful cooperative fisheries management arrangement? Explain.5.Limited creation Type I fisheries management programs, involving limited entryto the fishery combined with Olympics style TACs, have more often than not produced disappointing results. This has led to the adoption of Limited Entry Type II programs in which TACs and limited entry to the fishery are combined with harvesting rights schemes, the most common of which in Canada consists of ITQs.Discuss the nature of ITQ schemes, such as those found in B.C., and in so doing explain why economists opt ITQ schemes in which the individual quotas are (i) long term (in fact, if not in law) (ii) expressed as percentages of the TAC, as well as being transferable. Would it be correct to say that ITQ schemes are feasible only in single species fisheries, or can they be used in multiple species fisheries as well? Explain. Everyone agrees that there are some fisheries, particularly in developing fishing states, where it is not feasible to implement ITQ schemes. Do alternative harvesting rights schemes exist that might be used in su ch fisheries? If so, describe in short one such alternative harvesting rights scheme.

How are people presented in Vultures Essay Example for Free

How ar wad presented in Vultures EssayBoth Vultures and Two Scavengers in a truck, two beautiful slew in a Mercedes argon presented use hatful. They both represent population in some manage manpowert and both imply the people in different forms. The verse form Vultures presents the people using the vultures. These vultures represent people of a certain kind. In real life vultures argon real birds of prey, but in the poem they ar assay to represent the types of people. The poem, Two Scavengers in a truck, two beautiful people in a Mercedes, people be presented through the division in ordering. Vultures are shown that existence arent so different to animals it is shown that both animals and humans are shown through their actions. It is shown that vultures are bad in real life beca office of what they do, but behind totally the disgusting habits there is care shown. They appear to produce care for separately other and therefore this shows us that even though peo ple do bad things, they still have some good factors roughly them. Both animals and humans are shown through their actions and imagery to show that they are caring even though they have ugliness within them. For example, it starts off with how the two vultures are picking the eyes of a self- attractive corpse and how they eat the contents of the bowel.This shows that they are grotesque and very evil. But straight after this, the vultures are shown to be nestling together affectionately and lovingly. In spite of the nasty diet, the vultures appear to care for individually other. From this the author goes on to show that even the worst of human beings shoe some touches of humanity. Then he compares the vultures to a commander n Belson. He goes on to consider the cacoethes a concentration campground commander shows to his family having spent his day burning human corpses, he buys them sweets on the way home The poet remarks on the strangeness of love, existing in empowers peopl e would not have thought possible.This is the akin way that the vultures are presented which links it in comparison to people the vultures are compared with the Nazi commanding officer who preyed greedily and ruthlessly on people who were supposedly weaker than him, but could still show compassion towards people that he loved, such as his family. This is the same way that the vultures are presented which links it in comparison to people and the vultures are compared with the Nazi commanding officer who preyed greedily on people who were supposed to be weaker than him, but could still show compassion towards people that he loved, such as his family.In Two Scavengers in a truck, two beautiful people in a Mercedes, people are presented from two different sides of the society. It shows two garbage hands and contrasts them with an fair, generous orthodontic braces in a Mercedes. Its just about two duettes of people meeting for a moment in a busy city at nine oclock in the mornin g. They are strangers and never speak to each other. They are only near each other because they are time lag for the traffic lights to change. The first pair of people are two dustmen. They are finishing their working day and going back to the depot. They are hanging off the back of the dustbin lorry and looking down at a geminate in a Mercedes sports car. These people in the Mercedes seem the very opposite of the dustbin men. They are off devise their day and seem rich, successful and fashionable.The poem makes lots of contrasts between the two pair and it seems to criticise the society which makes the differences between people so large. When the poets describing the dustbin men, it is often negative, dirty and cheap. For instance, their jackets are plastic, they are grungy, and he calls them scavengers. We ordinarily think of scavengers as animals that alert off whatever others leave behind, like vultures. And in a way thats what they are they are paid to take away what ot hers dont want, but they do an important job and we couldnt live without them. The poet find outs the couple in the Mercedes in a very positive way.He wears a suit and her copper is nicely done, and their car shows just how rich they must be, but at the same time the poet similarly seems to criticise this couple. He says its like watching an odourless TV advert, so they dont look like real people and they sound too good to be true. The poet then shows us how two of the men are similar. They are the same age, wear sunglasses and have long hair. And of course they live in the same city they should be equal. This idea is made very clear at the end. The four people are next to each other, but there is a gulf between them they are living in different worlds.The language in Vultures is very negative towards the people, and in addition has a strong influence on how the people are presented. There are a lot of pessimistic adjectives apply to describe the curtain raising lines of the poem, and as well as to present the vultures throughout the poem. For example in the first couple of lines in the poem greyness is used, which create the idea that it is a dull scene, but the contrast with the lecture sunbreak give a more(prenominal) positive effect. The poem uses a similar technique to present the vultures, for every positive point about them there is a different negative point presented. The metaphor, bashed in head, a pebble on a ancestor rooted in a dump of gross feathers creates a negative image of the vultures. Various words are use to create disgusting images of the birds. It says they picked the eyes of a swollen corpse. This is presented as an inhumane thing to do. The vultures are picking at the body of either a dead animal.After this the poet presents the juxtaposing idea of how the birds love each other. People are presented in comparison to the vultures using the example of the brutal Nazi Commandant at the Belsen concentration camp. The poem stat es how the commandant goes home with the fumes of human roast clinging rebelliously to his glossy-coated nostrils. This emphasises the more negative side. The word hairy compares the commandant to the vultures as it is a description which in like manner applies to the vultures feathers.The poem also says how the commandant stops at the sweet shop to buy a chocolate for his child. The poet uses the excogitate tender offspring to refer to the child the word tender suggests that there is a close, caring and loving relationship between the commandant and his child. Therefore this shows the more positive side to the poem. The use of the word offspring, which usually refers to the child of an animal, links people to the vultures in the poem. So the poem presents humans negatively, with an evil side, but also shows how these kinds of people also have a more tender side to them, just like the vultures. It compares people with animals such as vultures. Overall the words used are both nega tive and then bond a positive point.Two Scavengers in a Truck, two Beautiful People in a Mercedes uses linguistic features to present people. In the first couple of lines, the colours yellow and red are used to describe the garbage men. These colours are bright and suggest brightness into their lives. The adjective used to describe the people in the Mercedes is elegant and this is repeated, which suggests the couple are boring as there are no other adjectives to describe them. This also emphasises on the word and shows that they are very posh and therefore sooner snobby. This is ironic as you would expect the couple to have a better life whereas the garbage men are expected to have a boring and dull life. The way that the couple are spiffed up and appear is depict using various phrase and adjective hip, three-piece linen suit, shoulder distance blond hair sunglasses, young blond woman and casually coifed. All of the previous suggest that the couple are superior to the garbage m en.This is because they are modern and are living what can be described as The American Dream. The garbage men are described more negatively, the first one id referred to as having grey iron hair, hunched back and gargoyle Quasimodo. The word grey contrasts with the earlier colours but also suggests that he is quite dirty, the phrase gargoyle Quasimodo implies that he is ugly and compares him to the Hunchback of Notre Dame, who was very caring and loving notwithstanding his appearance. The second of the garbage men is described the same as the Mercedes driver, however you know that they are zippo alike from other references and also because the two men are collectively described as scavengers and grungy. The use of the word scavengers suggest the two men are poor and the fact that they are garbage men emphasises this further.Overall it is shown that the garbage men are dirtier but have a more interesting life, whereas the elegant couple are shown to have the more boring life. One of the unusual things about the poem is that it doesnt have clear sentences, full stops or commas. Even the lines dont all start in the same place some lines start on the left, some on the right and some in the middle. This is done on purpose. The four people are together for a few seconds and the poet quickly notes down some differences. It also means that when you read it, you stop at different places, and this might make you think about different ideas in the poem, and what you think of modern life.The two poems present people in different way using different adjectives and linguistic features. They also show that people are not in anyway perfect(a) in their actions and appearances. Therefore by these two poems we are shown that people can be both evil and kind and also you cannot judge a book by its cover. The two garbage men are referred to as scavengers with a low experimental condition, whilst the young people are described as elegant. The poem is set in what can be descri bed as a snapshot in time, which is when they are waiting at the traffic lights. Although the two groups of people are presented completely differently in terms of status they sill exist in the same place at the same time which is what brings them together.

Crossing Brooklyn Ferry Essay Example for Free

pass Brooklyn Ferry EssayFerry is considered iodin of the greatest lyrical poems of each(prenominal) time. In Crossing Brooklyn Ferry, Walt Whitman uses connotative diction, prying questions, and critical reader battle to convey a feeling of connection and unity of people through time. By using these certain(a) rhetoric strategies, Whitman creates a piece of poetry that seems to be timeless. Whitman carefully chooses certain words and phrases that really cotton up his intentions to connect himself and others readers throughout time.In part 2 of the poem, Walt chooses the words simple and compact to describe a precis in which we are all disintegrated. These words, precise and carefully chosen, attribute to the great lyricism of the poem. A scheme that is simple is a scheme that we can all live by. And a compact, simple scheme connotes togetherness. Whitman continues to say were all disintegrated, but part of the scheme. Being disintegrated could also means we are all littl e pieces of the same body, or schemeAnother simple rhetoric strategy imposed by Whitman to convey a sense of unity between he and the reader is reader engagement. Whitman involves and engages the ready by asking the reader questions, and relating to the reader. By effectively asking questions, Whitman suggest to readers from past and future times that mayhap there is not much that separates them. What is it then between us? What is the count of scores or hundreds of days between us? The use of these rhetoric strategies are just a few the devices that makes Walt Whitmans Crossing the Brooklyn Ferry a timeless masterpiece.

Ancient Indian Mathematics Essay Example for Free

antique Indian Mathematics EssayThere are opposing views prevalent regarding the prominence of math in ancient India. One, there are those who make excessive claims for the antiquity of Indian mathematics with the motive of evince the uniqueness of Indian mathematical achievements. Whereas, the other conflicting views denies the existence of any real Indian mathematics before A. D. 500. This view is the result of deeply entrenched Euro centrism that does not negotiate with the idea of free lance developments in advance(prenominal) Indian mathematics.Whereas mathematics grew out of philosophy in ancient Greece, it was an burden of linguistic developments in India. In fact the algebraic character of ancient Indian mathematics is but a byproduct of the well-established linguistic tradition of representing human activitys by words. ? Around 800 B. C. Vedic mathematics declined and Jains School of mathematics gradually which was to do notable work in the field. ? From about 20 0 B. C. was intent of instability and atomisation due to foreign invasions but also of useful cross cultural contacts.Probably the only darn of existing mathematical evidence from this period is the Bakhshali manuscript. ? This period ranges from 3rd to 12th centuries and is referred to as the classical period of Indian civilization. Mathematical activities reached a climax with the appearance of the famous quartet Brahmagupta, Mahvika and Bhaskracharya. Indian work on uranology and mathematics spread westward, reaching the Islamic world where it was absorbed, refined and augmented before existence transmitted to europium. This last period described as the medieval period of Indian report, saw the migration of astronomy and mathematics from the north to south. Particularly in present day state of Kerala, this was a period tag by remarkable studies of infinite series and mathematical analysis that predated alike(p) works in Europe by about third hundred years. Harappan soci ety was a highly organized society. There is either possibility that the town dwellers were skilled in mensuration and practical arithmetic of a bid similar to what was practiced in Egypt and Mesopotamia.Archaeological findings from that period provide the following indications of the numerate close of that society ? It shows unity of weights over such a wide area and time which is quite unusual in the history of metrology. Taking 27. 584 grams as a standard, representing 1, the other weights form a series of 0. 05, 0. 1, 0. 2, 0. 5, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500. Such normalisation and durability is a strong indication of a numerate culture with wellestablished, centralized brass of weights and measures. Scales and instruments for bar length have also been discovered with remarkably high accuracy. A notable feature of Harappan culture was its extensive use of kiln-fired bricks and the advanced level of its brick-making technology. These bricks are exceptionally well bake d and of excellent shade and may still be employ over and over again provided some care is interpreted in removing them in the first place. Fifteen different sizes of Harappan bricks have been identified with standard ratio of the three dimensions as 421.It was thought until recently that from them evolved first the Bakhshali Number system and then the Gwalior system which is recognizably close to our present day number system. In both Bakshati and Gwalior number systems, ten symbols were used to represent 1 to 9 and zero. With them it became possible to express any number, irrespective of its largeness, by a quantitative place value system. Long lists of number- names for powers of 10 are found in various early sources. In the Ramayana, it is reported that Rama had an army of 1010 +1014 +1020 +1024 +1030 +1034 +1040 +1044 +1052 +1057 +1062 +5 men.The very existence of names for powers of ten up to sixty two indicates that the Vedic Indians were quite at home with very large num bers. This is to be compared with ancient Greeks, who had no words for numbers above the myriad (104). The Jains who came after the Vedic Indians were particularly fascinated by unconstipated larger numbers which were intimately tied up with their philosophy of time and space. For units of measuring time, the Jains suggested following family 1 purvis = 756 * 1011 days 1 shirsa prahelika = (8,400,000)28 purvis The last number contains 194 digitsThe word numeral system was the logical outcome of proceeding by the multiples of 10. Such a system presupposes a scientifically based vocabulary of number names in which the principles of addition, subtraction and multiplication are used. Due to oral mode of preserving and disseminating knowledge, the wordnumeral system persisted in India. As a replacement to this, a new concrete system was devised to help versification and memory, known as bhutasamkhya, wherein numbers were indicated by well-known objects or ideas.

Psychology Cae Studies Essay Example for Free

Psychology Cae Studies try1) Newspaper Advertisement -self selecting persons who had an interest in watching the study become successful. If you volunteer to become a part of a study clearly you have an interest and opinion a sense of tariff towards the experimentation.2) Subjects were predominately white and middle line. This implies that the subjects are from similar backgrounds, and so share similar experiences. In such cases we holler them a homogeneous group.A homogeneous group because of their similar experiences are not likely to be representative of the wider population. Consequently results are likely to reflective of them, not the general population. In this instance we whitethorn only have learn how a prison house house population with predominately white males from a middle class background is likely to behave. Remember the purpose of much of research is to generalise to the wider population.3) Thumbs up for the use of questionnaires and an interview, which w ere use to screen the subjects.Thumbs down what constituted healthy? How did they come to this judgement? Normal What is normal?4) The experiment was conducted at the prestigious Stanford University. ThePrestige of the University will have impacted upon the subjects. Oh my god we are here at Stanford. If Stanford is doing this past it must be good and worthwhile. They wouldnt have me doing something thats not good for me. No matter what I feel I must behave as a dutiful subject. Its not hard to imagine the subjects persuasion in this manner.5) The direct involvement of the chief researcher as a participant in theexperiment could also impact upon the subjects. Hey hes involved, if he isnt having a problem neither should I. I need to follow his lead. This is a really valuable piece of research.Key TermsDe-Individuation -This is a loss of your man-to-man individualism. The guards lost their identity to the group collective. We are guards. The (uniform), inclusive of baton, reflect ing sunglasses and apparel (what they had on) contributed to this. We are the authority What we say goes The prisoners lost their identity when they were given prison garb and prison numbers. To be referred to only by a number robs you of your name. How vital is a name to an individual? Mr, Miss, Mrs, name only. It comes to define you the individual. Without it who are you?De-humanisation This means that you have lost your generosity and are not treated with the basic dignity to which human beings are entitled. The prisons were de-humanised. Remember they were stripped and make to stand naked in the court -yard. This is not a dignified way to treat persons. advertize evidence of their dehumanisation is the prison guards referring to their rights as privileges. This implied that they were not entitled to rights. Loss of control over what we as humans have come to expect, when we eat, when we sleep, and when use the bathroom. They lost the power to do all these things.Learned we akness They became dependent upon the guards for everything. They lost the desire and the know how to do things for themselves. This was not the situation before since they acquired it in prison, consequently it is learned helplessness.Remember power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.Role Confusion This occurs when the individual cannot separate roles that he has been given-which am I truly? This is linked to role consumption, This occurs when one particular role comes to define an individual take for example an athlete or politician who refuses to retire long after they have passed their prime. twain the guards and the prisoners suffered from this problem.The guards like the prisoners suffered de-individuation. They too lost their identities to the roles they were asked to perform. The awesome power they were given, the uniform-inclusive of whistle, baton and reflecting sunglasses all contributed to them losing their identity. They began to see themselves as guard s only and begun acting accordingly. Most naturally this meant that the guards internalised the prison. By Internalisation we mean that they accepted the prison as being real, and conformed to its expectations, routines and guidelines. Did the guards truly internalise the prison? Lets look at the evidence of this-The guards attempted to hide the prisons in the broom cupboard because they felt the experimenters were being too soft-This is evidence of internalisation because it shows that the guards had removed themselves from the confines/boundaries of the experiment and had now started to think as the collective group-prison guards-This moment should have marked the end of the experiment as its integrity had been compromised-it was an ethical violation to continue-Zimbardo being a part of the experiment(Prison Warder-head guard) became totally subjective and could not see that anything was wrong-this again was unethical but only because his objectivity was compromised.Further eviden ce of this is calling the prisoners rights privileges, and delaying the prisoner run call to hours.For the prisoners the arresting process, which began when they were arrested and ended when they were finger printed and photographed, contributed to the prisoners internalising the prison. This occurred because of the shock value it signified a break from the prison (subjects) everyday reality they were arrested-they were now prisoners. The initiation process, which is everything, which happened to the prison subjects up until they were assigned to their cells, also contributed to their internalising the prison. This included being given prison uniforms, being stripped and deloused, being made to stand naked in the prison yard, being assigned numbers, learning the prison rules -which they had to recite and being assigned cells. Evidence of the internalisation of the prison by the prisoners is them referring to themselves by number, asking for a lawyer, bail and parole board, and retu rning to their cells when they could have just left.

The First Tim I Came to the US Essay Example for Free

The First Tim I Came to the US actWhen I came to the United States, I felt very glad. My whole family was already living here. I was unhinged to be with them again. My family brought me happiness and joy. They showed me around New Jersey so I would not get lost.In the next few months after my arrival, I got a job. In this state, it is very important to have a job to be able to pay bills and the necessary items unavoidable to live. When I was in my job, I worked toughened and quickly to earn my living. While I was working, I used to think about how different the Dominican Republic was here. From there, I knew that I had to think about how different the Dominican Republic was from here. From there, I knew that I had to learn English because my boss was American, and he did not know Spanish.The days went by, and I knew that I needed to learn English as fast as possible. I talked to my family because some of them knew English. I then started accomplishment from them. I had a b eautiful daughter, Leslie. I could not wait for her to get older. When Leslie got older, she helped me. She gave me homework to do and started speech production to me in English. I had to understand her because she told me she was only going to talk to me in English.Every time I said a banter incorrectly, I had to keep on saying it. Months passed, and I was saying the word that I struggled with correctly. I was so happy for myself. The next thing you know, I was going to a university. My teacher, Israel Delgado, helped me a lot. I feel like English is a good thing to know. It is very helpful.

The Raven - Edgar Allan Poes Essay Example for Free

The forgo Edgar Allan Poes EssayEdgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts. He is one of the most significant writers in the American history. Well known for its mystery and villainy stories he is considered part of the Romantic movement in US and the inventor of detective fiction genre. On January 29, 1845 he publishes his meter The precede in the Evening Mirror which granted him with immense fame (Edgar Allan Poe A lively Biography 1941).The editor of the publishing newspaper wrote It is the most effective single example of fugitive meter ever published in this country and unsurpassed in English poetry for subtle conception, skilled ingenuity of versification, and consistent, sustaining of imaginative lift and pokerishness. It is one of these dainties bred in a book which we feedon. It will stick to the remembrance of everybody who reads it(Evening Mirror, New York, January 29, 1845). The metrical composition is of great artistic merit, it exudes many emotions and arise many feelings.Every reading of the poem gives new experience and new feelings but when You got familiar with Poes life history a inevitable question is arising. place together The raven and Poes life we can see that the place where the poem is written corresponds to the room where the swear out of the story is held in addition the raven represents Poes knowledgeable self, furthermore for the image of the storyteller Poe uses for prototype himself and totally these lead to the conclusion that The Raven is Poes own discover about his luck.The correspondence between the time and the settings of the poem and the time and conditions it was written supports the idea of coherence between the story of the poem and the prediction for the future that lies in front the author. The Raven was published in January 29, 1845, according to The New York Times at that time Poe and his wife Virginia lived at a farm house in New York. In 1844 the farm house was awa y from the city. Poes central office stood on a rocky and commanding eminence a few hundred feet of 84 avenue and St. Nicholas Boulevard, at that time Manhattan was a country north of Greenwich Village otted with tiny hamlets(The New York Times January 1, 1908).This unconnected and isolated house was his sanctuary giving him solitude from the world outside. We can see quite the equal at the opening of the poem with depiction of the room. The room is closed claustrophobic place well equipped with lots of books and heavy curtains which give a sense of isolation And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each over-embellished curtain (line 13) Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and demote and door (line 68) Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking (line 69).Isolation and solitude is was the fibber is seeking in order to cessation the national pain and sorrow. What is more the time of the implement in the poem and the time of its writin g is the very(prenominal) winter. The poem was published in January 29 and the process of the writing can take us a month back in declination. December is the time in which the action in the poem is held.The view from Poes distant house away from the city during the winter is only bare uplands which co-responds to the description he gave stinging December at the beginning of the second stanza Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December (line 7). In a nutshell the place, in which he lived at the time of the writing of The Raven, resembles the place in which the action takes place. some other evident in favor of the statement that the poem corresponds exactly to the view about Poes fate is the fact that he uses himself for prototype of the protagonist in the poem.The narrator possess many books which refers that he is well educated and intelligent as Poe himself. The protagonist is suffering from great inner pain and sorrow and in vain hoping for a cure Is thereis the re balm in Gilead? tell metell me, I solicit (line 89) as does Poe at the time, according to Arthur Quinn , in which the poem was published his great love Virginia had been sick from Tubercolosis for collar years, her death is inevitable and Poe is aware of it (Edgar Allan Poe A Critical Biography 1941).Another confirmation is the fact that the narrator is using the books for distraction from the painful reality which Poe had been doing for a long time Once upon a midnight dreary, firearm I pondered, weak and weary / Over many a quaint and curious volume of bury lore (lines 1- 2). In brief the narrator is a mirror image of Edgar Allan Poe. The fact that The Raven represents Poes inner personality confirms the statement that the poem is Poe foresight about his fate. We can see the manner in which Poe rites The Raven with capital R which tells us that it is not any raven. Well known for his macabre stories full with horror, this coal black bird is his black soul, his sinister mi nd.His talk with the bird asking if he will be or will be not again reunited with his beloved Lenore in the after life is a symbolism of his inner doubts and desires Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn (line 93) It shall clasp a reverence maiden whom the angels name Lenore (line 94) Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore. line 95). Another confirmation is the conversation with the bird in which he is begging for nepenthe to release him from sorrow but his prayer is not fulfilled which represents Poes inner inability to free himself from the pain Respiterespite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore (line 82) Quaff, oh quaff this shape nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore (line 83) Quoth the Raven Nevermore. (line 84)An additional element leading to the conclusion that the ominous bird is a personification of Poes inner self is the way how he writes Hope and Hopes with capital H, referring both to the bird and to the narrator On t he morrow he will leave me, as my Hopes have flown before. (line 59)/ Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy charge bore (line 65). In other word the raven is a representation of Poes inner self. To cut a long story short the poem The Raven is Poes view about his own fait.In The Raven the action is held in a place which resembles the house that Poe and his wife Virginia inhabited, also in the story Poe gives life to his dark inner self trough the image of the raven, who took the life of the narrator which prototype is Poe himself. Though the incur of Poes death is unclear, according to Jeffrey Meyers and Charles scriber, Poe had died from Delirium Tremens alcohol poisoning (Edgar Allan Poe Jeffrey Meyers, Charles Scriber, 1992) responsible for which is Poe himself or in particular his inner inability to resist the need of alcohol. In other words the foresight had been fulfilled.

Mice & Men Essay Example for Free

Mice custody EssayIn chapter 3, the setting, the bunkhouse peck be seen to symbolise that people only see what is obvious to them. Steinbeck shows this by federal agency of symbolism in the bunkhouse. Although there was evening chicness showing through the windows of the bunkhouse, inside it was dusk flat the table was brilliant with light, and the cone of the shade threw its brightness straight drink downward, leaving the corners of the bunkhouse still in dusk. The brightness down the centre of the bunkhouse shows our self-confidences about something, as we judge things solely for what we see and sock. This happens at least at a time during the text and whoremaster be seen through the immediate judgement of Curleys wife as comes alone to the bunkhouse. George seems to know exactly where the anguish is sacking to originate, and this is shown when George cautions Lennie not to talk to Curleys wife. George immediately judges Curleys wife from front gossip from Candy, her appearance and her behaviour before he has a chance to get to know her. His assumption led the audience to believe that she is simply just a tart, and nothing more.The dark and gloomy corners on the other hand are a representation of the secrets and not so obvious things in life. This can buoy be seen at the end of the text when we find out the real reasoning as to wherefore Curleys wife behaves the way she does, which is due to her lack of attention from Curley, not just because she is a floozy. The dividing line of dark and light builds anticipation in the audience as the feeling of doubt seems to lurk for good in the background. Others may interpret the bunkhouse to symbolise cruel world of reality.The dark corners of the bunkhouse suggest dreams and ambitions as in the dark, as we cannot see the problems in which lie ahead. It is only in the light which can be seen down the centre of the bunkhouse that we can see reality and any of the barriers in which will prevent us from achieving these ambitions. Steinbeck shows this when all ambitions of the ranch workers never go to plan. In the light down the centre of the Bunkhouse It appears to be a world in which fate often plays a hand, and the characters are frequently defenceless and watch their dreams turn to dust.Lennies pup symbolises dreams, joy and the relationship between George and Lennie. A puppy is so fun to play with. You can spend time with it a puppy can listen to all of your problems, is a great title-holder and you could never stay mad when you see one however they are reliant on its possessor for its wellbeing. This is like the relationship between George and Lennie. Lennie is reliant on George to keep him well and healthy and out of trouble just like the puppy would be reliant on Lennie when it grows older.George and Lennie are also have a close relationship, where they share their problems and although they George may get frustrated with George at times he is always scater to f orgive him. The puppy brings joy to Lennie and George because George said if Lennie didnt hurt the puppy then he could tend the rabbits, when they get their own farm. The dream farm symbolises the tie between them and keeps them working, even when times are severe it is, and is ultimately, their version of heaven.So when Lennie kills a kills the puppy later on in the Chapter 5, it is obvious to the audience that their chances of going there are forever ruined. In credit line to this it may lead some to believe that the puppy is therefore a symbolism of the fate of the weak in the strong and foreshadows doom, shown particularly when Lennie brings the puppy in to the house and away from the its nest. He reached down and picked the tiny puppy from where Lennie had been concealing it against him.Concealing means to prevent something from being seen or known about. Many things are concealed during the story such as the petting and death of the mice, the incident in weed, the death of th e puppy and briefly the death of Curleys wife. We engage about the incident in weed in chapter 3 so it automatically foreshadows a unredeemed future of the puppy, given our knowledge about the mice. Our suspicions are confirmed During Chapter 5 when Lennie kills the puppy accidentally due to the fact that he still does not recognize his own strength.Although no other character can match Lennies physical strength, Lennie finds himself in a similar situation as the innocent animal, as Lennie is unaware of the vicious, predatory powers that surround him. This doom was foreshadowed by the puppy. The sequence of events of the puppy gives a cast contrast of scenes full of hope (when the puppy is first given to Lennie), in comparison to scenes of disappointment (when the puppy dies) increases the readers discretion as they are continuously on the edge wondering what he will do next.

Advertising Uses Essay Example for Free

Advertising Uses EssayAdvertising In material bodyation cock, exercise tool, or Beyond?The impact of advertise in our society is a fiercely debated topic, and has been ever since its concept in its near basic form. Advertisers make their ads stand out by using humor, ongoing apologue lines, unexpected dialogue, unusual techniques, attention-getting spokespersons, or simply by repeating the ads so often that batch stinkpott help but remember them. correspond to the majority advertising is a form of communication that typic exclusivelyy attempts to inform or persuade potential customers to purchase or to consume much of a particular brand of proceeds or service. This is not a surprise, advertisements ar everywhere. Society is so used to it that they just arrest it as a tool for letting others know about a harvest-tide. The majority sees advertisement as an development tool. Unfortunately advertising doesnt have that purpose any more(prenominal). According to Chuck B lore said Advertising is the art of arresting the human intelligence just long comme il faut to get money from it.Just until the 1800s advertising was an information tool, then it became a manipulation tool because of mass production during the industrial revolution. Everything stayed the same until the 21st century. This century had changed the whole concept of advertising, now advertising is several(prenominal)thing beyond information or manipulation. Advertising is a tool to prepare costumers (yes, create). Now publicists create demand, preferences, beliefs, points of views, and everything they need to get money without measuring their acts. Advertisers are changing customers true desires instead of marketing their products to the ones who needs them.Advertisers create needs. Its not true that every time someone sees a Burger King ad he/she is hungry, its just part of the advertisers job. They make every ad incredibly appealing so that everyone who sees it believes that he n eeds a burger serious away, or at least something to eat. Havent you observe that those kinds of ads are always close enough to the respective restaurant, and its not just in the food business that advertisers create needs? They do it in every opportunity they have, such as apparels, technology, and so forthAdvertisers create preferences. They build desires and preferences everytime they have to present a product that isnt for everyone. Advertisers fork out products as unique and incredible. The costumers believe they need them right away. What advertisers do is create an image of a product that will make costumers buy it without thinking it twice it will create such a long desire for that product that costumers will facial expression the need for buying it even though it can be a product that they wouldnt be interested before the ad.Advertisers create beliefs and points of view. They do everything for achieve their selling goals they dont care about the costumer real desires. Advertising is in such a position that it can make costumers change the way they see themselves, the way they see others, and they way they intuitive feeling about their lives. In this case there are examples such as all the commercials with models that make costumers feel insecure with their bodies (no matter the gender). Also ads that insist with the idea of getting thinner with machines or pills without doing exercise qualification costumers believe that everything works. Advertisers create perceived difference and make them feel that a particular product is different. more or less of the time the difference is simply the audience the company wants to target.Unfortunately one of the biggest consequences of abusive advertisement is that most of the advertisers are targeting kids affecting their way of thinking and all their interests. Kids fourteen and under spend an estimated $20 one million million million a year and influence purchases by parents, grandparents, and others to the tune of $200 billion a year. As a result, advertisers spend big bucks to reach kids an estimated $800 million for programs alone. Experts say that children are particularly vulnerable to the persuasive personal effects of advertising, especially television commercials. Kids are the most pure consumers you could have, says Debra McMahon, a vice-president at Mercer Management Consulting. They tend to say your ad literally. They are infinitely open. The child as in-house salesperson is a powerful friend to advertisers. Because of this, some advertisers are very concerned with the society, because a lot of advertisers are just trying to sell the product without limits. They dont think about the audience that can see their ads.Advertising has become in truth intense during the past years. They are trying to sell their products or services without a limit, without respecting the costumers. It should be controlled, definitely. Advertising, too, should be held to the truth, as many people take it at face value and ingenuously believe all or most of what is said. Thats why there are associations promoting responsible advertising like the supranational Advertising Association (IAA) and Advertising Educational Foundation. Also there are advertising ethics that are being discussed, ethics that should be present when an ad comes out for the rest of the world.Advertising should be more socially responsible, because advertising is just one of the most important social influences in a individualistic economy, like ours. And using media as its vehicle is a pervasive, powerful force shaping attitudes and behavior in todays world. As the media grows, the number of advertisements increases everyday and it plays a substantial role in peoples flavour because we are bombarded with thousands of advertising messages daily. The industry should concentrate more on the advertising ethics, and how to satisfy the consumers, instead of manipulating the consumer into buying their product, misinforming, tricking people for their own financial gain and creating negative social impacts.Advertising must be truthful, not misleading, ambiguous, or make wrong factual claims that can get consumers to buy inferior products thinking these products can deliver more. Advertising should be creative, and who says you cant direct your creative abilities towards projects that aim to do equitable? Advertising should be responsible, so that it helps to contribute a positive effect on our society and the environment. I do not wish well to see advertising eliminated from the contemporary world, because it is an important element in todays society, especially in the functioning of a market economy, which is becoming more and more widespread. I do wish that the world of advertising change and can be limited to be used as an information tool, not manipulation or beyond that, and hopefully in the future well have the chance to see on magazines, billboards and TVs ethical and res ponsible ads, because as Chris Moore said once Advertisers are in the business of communication with thousands, even millions, of others allthe time. That gives us thousands or millions of chances to practice what we believe every day. And try to get it right.ReferencesDay, Nancy. Advertising Information or manipulation? Enslow Publisher, 1999. Scivicque, Christine. December de 2007. February de 2011.

Study of history Essay Example for Free

Study of history EssayIn studying history, the assorted ways to reveal data and research in order to define a certain part of helped us espy facts and yells that are relevant to the field of studys that we need to clarify. Historians usually interview the witnesses, victims, and heroes of the past to clarify and shrive their thoughts and reviews on the different parts of diachronic looks in the world. One of the most authoritative parts of history is striverry. The different kinds of thraldom that emerged and developed during the period of colonization made us realize the true essence of our being as we acknowledge the facts and data of the past. Many have suffered and died during this period of struggle. Slavers have gone through different kinds of slaving in land and water. Land slavery is almost familiars to everybody because it was a phenomenon during colonization but it was an unbelievable revelation that eve in the ships of the sea contains hundreds of slaves t hat could not eat, drink, tell, nor move. However, how do the historians perceive the slave ships? How do they research on this issue? Are they keen to the issue as they uncover the whole truth by using their researchable documents and witnesses? every(prenominal) person needs to study the past in order to justify the present and future. Nevertheless, are the historical data relevant and complete to signify the most-valuable details that we need? We must acquire and probe those data by finding flaws and arguments that are necessary to clarify distorted cases and parts of history. Some of the guiding light Philosophical Problems in documenting the Event Based on the research on the issue of Slave Ship, umteen researchers and historians support their materials through interviews and special communication with different witnesses and heroes of the past. some of the witnesses that they used are church leadership and doctors who went through the voyage along with the slaves. The o bjective of the research as what I have seen is to award its reader that the research is complete and accurate source of learning from the past because they contain justification from the witness of the slave ships. In the name of the EyeWitness entitled Aboard a Slave Ship, 1829, they used the accounts of Reverend Walsh to instal the true situation in a slave ship.We join Reverend Walshs account as he boards the slave ship, (EyeWitness, 2000). Another article stird that the research is an original account of the past that can be use to show the situation of a slave ship. Here, for your perusal and research, we present an original 1860 news account of a captured Slave Ship. The Slave Ship was owned by a New York Slave Trader, It was near of Native African Men, Women, and Children, and it was delivering the Cargo to be sold in the South, (Son of the Ship, 2003).On the other way around, an article entitled The Slave Ship A Human History by Marcus Rediker showed how Rediker, an a uthor of a significant book that discusses the life in a slave ship justify all the historical accounts that he saw and heard from his interviews and materials. Rediker is a distinguished maritime historian whose previous books have used long-neglected particular sources to shed important new light on life around the 18th century Atlantic, (Rutten, 2008). every the examples above were seen that the objectivity and choice of sources or references should rely on the needs of the readers.They all used bulk who are familiar and witnesses of the scenario so they could thoroughly define and describe the situation of the slave ship. However, they did not state the issues of the slavers, which are needed to show the side of the slobbers and not the slaves alone. Though they have reached their resolution to uncover or reveal the situation in the ship, they ignored the stand of the slavers why they come up to that kind of situation. It became a bias account in the side of the slaves.Though a reader should have pity on the slaves during those times as they read the situation in a slave ship, the authors and researchers of the document should also speak about the stand of the slavers and on how they are able to do those things. These claims are factual accounts, which is important to justify both sides. Can such problems be avoided? How? These problems can be avoided if the authors and researchers also showed the other situation to compare and contrast the thoughts and ideology of both sides. We all know that the slaves during the period are abundant but we do not know the deeper meaning of slavery.According to Kaltenbacher, Mehta, and Nahas (2008), in their article entitled Antebellum Slavery interstate Slave Trade, Slaves forcefully pushed together, back to face, lay cramped and helpless on the boat. Their sweating bodies were so come together to each other that it was not unlikely to feel the hot breath of another slave keen the back of ones neck. The authors o f the article discussed the situation of the slaves. It shows that the different documents tell us about the meaning of slavery its background, and development as years went on.However, it must also be describe in those articles to show the two sides of the situation so that people could thoroughly understand the scenario in a large horizon and concept because the authors only described the sides of the slaves and did not involved the sides of the slavers. Conclusion The hardest part of research is to document the past. Most of us say the term past is past. This is true in most of the time because we could not expire to the past especially during the times when paper and pen was still not invented to write all the important details of a certain situation that part of historical events.If we think logically, how can we believe the books, articles, and journals that we read about history if the writers did perceive the event that they wrote? It was the hardest part I guess to educa tors of history to justify the claim of the past. However, this is also a challenge to discuss the historical events of human life because different perspectives and ideologies emerged as the fundamental interaction of both students and teachers are created.References Aboard a Slave Ship, 1829, EyeWitness to History, www.eyewitnesstohistory. com (2000) Kaltenbacjer, E. et al. (2008). Ship Life. Retrieved on January 21, 2008 from http//cghs. dadeschools. mesh topology/slavery/antebellum_slavery/interstate_slave_trade/ship_life. htm Rutten, T. (2008).The Slave Ship A Human History by Marcus Rediker. Los Angeles Times. http//www. latimes. com/features/books/la-et-rutten2jan02,0,4348521. Son of the South. (2003). Slave Ship. Retrieved on January 21, 2008 from http//www. sonofthesouth. net/slavery/slave-ship. htm.

Turfgrass Extension Program Essay Example for Free

Turfgrass Extension syllabus EssayI have spent many fruitful years amassing experience in the turfgrass patience and have highly-developed an immense interest in and respect for this field of inquiry. In keeping with this, I have been involved in research and extension activities supporting the turfgrass industry both as a student member of the Ohio Turfgrass Foundationto which I gave five years of serviceand as an active squad member of Turfgrass Extension Program at University of Wisconsin and University of Massachusettswhere I served for 2 years. In addition to this, I have approached research and extension from the standpoint of stakeholders for whom I serve as a reserver of selective learning and technology within the turfgrass industry. I have also operated in the office of facilitator of continuing education for turfgrass growers and managers, upon whom I have striven to impress the value that turfgrass clientele deserve individualized service in a punctual manner. It is my belief that any successful turfgrass pathology program must retain its relevance to pique and enhance users interest. Furthermore, such(prenominal) a program must also convey information in layperson terms in order to facilitate comprehension by diverse audiences, which go out aid in the application of this information to their specific situations. I also strongly believe that the provided information pass on be more substantive when it is based on solid research and evaluated under similar local environmental conditions.Wisconsin boasts unique and raise climate conditions, having hot and humid summertimes but cold and puffy winters. This makes it therefore necessary that turfgrass grown in this state to be sustained and managed in two very extreme weather conditions. Consequently, such turfgrass take to be protected from both summer and winter pathogens. The primary foci of my research are in two areas on the dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa and on the one C molds caused by Microdochium nivale, Typhula incarnata, and Typhula ishikariensis (Abernathy, et al., 2001).Dollar spot and snow molds are the nearly(prenominal) economically important fungal diseases on highly-cared-for turfgrass in Wisconsin, and they respectively occur during the summer and winter. Although with a victorian fertility program along with sound cultural practices does succeed in alleviating some of the disease pressure, management of these diseases on manicured turfgrass heavily relies on antimycotic. mixed fungicides, or often tank-mixtures of fungicides, are usually applied preventatively and/or curatively.Recently, however, turfgrass managers have been left with fewer options as it regards fungicides. Fungicide use has become stricter cod to concerns related to environmental, human, and animal health. Old chemistry (e.g., PCNB and anilazine) widely used for turfgrass diseases was requested due to regulatory or voluntary cancellation of re-registrati on. In addition, the release of new fungicides now decreases due to low margin of profit, considering the cost of using and registration. In addition, intensively managed fungal pathogens have been reported to develop in predisposition to fungicide, causing reduction of fungicide efficacy in the field.Development of management strategies to use fungicides more impellingly with a minimal peril of causing fungicide insensitivity is now a captious and urgent need for the current turfgrass industry. The proceeding of this goal depends on specific factors. A population instead of an individual must be the charge of control strategies, because it is the fungal population that evolves to survive in an environment that is experiences constant changes as a conduct of agricultural practices. Therefore, the primary interest of my research is aimed at gaining a better understanding of the pathogen population and its kinetics in the turfgrass agrosystem. This research is also directly li nked to the extension of the new practical knowledge most disease management toward stakeholders in the state.For the comprehensive study about fungal population, I have developed three keystone assay tools for S. homoeocarpa. The first (1st) is the in vitro fungicide sensitivity assay using influence discriminatory concentrations the second (2nd) is the PCR-based DNA fingerprinting technique and the third (3rd) is the vegetative compatibility assay using treat non-utilizing (nit) mutants. Based on this technique and methodology, I have conducted research and compiled data on the structure and dynamics of S. homoeocarpa field populations in Wisconsin and Massachusetts since 2005 up to the present.S. homoeocarpa populations on turfgrass where diametrical management practices had been applied has been shown to be significantly different in term of genetic variability and fungicide sensitivity. For example, the population on the fairway was very different from one on the adjacent rough or putting green. In addition, the dollar-spot population changed relatively lush in response to fungicide application. Particularly, benzimidazole fungicide thiophanate-methyl caused the fungal population to rapidly shift to fungicide insensitivity.Various unique cultural and fungicide practices used on turfgrass surely affect the fungal population, and this proves to be deprecative information for developing and implementing effective dollar-spot control measures. My future research will focus on canvas how the fungal population changes in response to different agricultural input as well as environmental factors on turfgrass, and these activities include mowing, irrigation, and the use of fertilizers and fungicides. Further long-term research on the S. homoeocarpa population will increase knowledge about the population dynamics of phytopathogenic fungi on perennial gramineous plants, where few or no previous studies have been conducted.My extension in Wisconsin will be g eared to augment the expectant efforts of the current turfgrass extension program. First of all, the Turfgrass Diagnostic Lab (TDL) will be used as a pipeline for getting information to the clientele in the state. Fast and accurate disease diagnosis is the key to successful disease control. Timely diagnosis of turfgrass samples and recommendation of proper treatments is recognized to be of utmost importance, and will therefore be promptly and directly offered for the benefit of the turfgrass industry. Communication with the clientele via phone, site visits and consultations also provides critical feedback to identify imminent problems and needs faced by the turfgrass industry.The key element of extension project is that proper fungicide programs will be developed and provided to the turfgrass industry as an important element of integrated gent management (IPM). The use of fungicide is requisite for managing turfgrass diseases below the tolerance level, which is usually very low on intensively managed turfgrass. At the same time, fungicide must be used with a minimal result of applications and at a proper concentration to minimize its destructive effect on the environment. Therefore the most effective fungicides must first be selected for targeted pathogen species.For example, for three major fungal species causing snow molds, certain(a) fungicides provided better control for certain species but not for other species. Such distinctions would lead to the choice of the most effective fungicide(s) for each species. Second, the fungicide sensitivity level of the local pathogen population should also precede fungicide selection. At the location where insensitive fungal isolates are found, corresponding fungicides must be avoided or guardedly used in combination with other effective fungicides.In order to make the consultation of effective fungicide programs informative and accessible to the public, the TDL service will be supplemented with the followingThe in v itro fungicide sensitivity assay for major systemic fungicides (e.g., benzimidazole and demethylation inhibitor) to which insensitivity is commonly found in turfgrass pathogensMolecular diagnosis for snow mold fungi using DNA fingerprinting technology as well as phenotypic characteristics to achieve accurate identification of causal agents.In the future, my extension program will design and provide customized fungicide programs for individual locations based on more comprehensive information about the pathogen population.Abernathy, S.D., R.H. White, P.F. Colbaugh, M.C. Engelke, G.R. Taylor, II and T.C. compress (2001). Dollar Spot Resistance among Blends of Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars. Crop Science. 31 806-809.